Citation :

Noel Meza Torres, Semion Comun Soto, Joel Contreras Nuñez, "An IoT System for Real-Time Energy Supervision of Public Lighting Circuits in Electrical Distribution Networks," International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 122-133, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I10P109

Abstract

Public lighting circuits require continuous supervision to relate their electrical consumption to the operating status of the luminaires and to detect deviations before a field inspection. An Internet of Things system is developed for real-time electrical supervision using a PZEM-004T v3.0, an ESP32, cellular communication through A9G, and a web-based supervisory platform. The node acquires voltage, current, active power, accumulated energy, frequency, and power factor; active power is used together with a configurable average power to estimate the number of luminaires in operation. Under a representative condition, 218.5 V, 5.844 A, 892.3 W, and 82658 Wh were recorded, with 13 estimated luminaires. In an alert test, a configuration of 14 luminaires produced an estimate of 11.9 units and activated the load-reduction record. The system also recorded a shutdown event with 12103.0 Wh and a deviation of -0.1 %. Historical profiles distinguish operation with relatively stable power from another with repetitive variations during the service period. The architecture converts aggregated electrical measurements into operational indicators for remote supervision and inspection prioritization. The evaluation corresponds to functional validation; metrological accuracy requires subsequent comparison with certified instrumentation.

Keywords

Electrical distribution networks, Energy supervision, IoT, Power profile monitoring, Public lighting.

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