Correlation and Evaluation of Applicability of Soil Classification Data According to World References Base for Soil Resources (WRB): The Comparative Study of Farah Province, Afghanistan

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science

© 2019 by SSRG - IJAES Journal

Volume 6 Issue 3

Year of Publication : 2019

Authors : Abdul AlimMohammadi, Abdul Hasib Halimi , Rahmatullah Atefi

10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V6I3P114

How to Cite?

Abdul AlimMohammadi, Abdul Hasib Halimi , Rahmatullah Atefi, "Correlation and Evaluation of Applicability of Soil Classification Data According to World References Base for Soil Resources (WRB): The Comparative Study of Farah Province, Afghanistan," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 6,  no. 3, pp. The Comparative Study of Farah Province, Afghanistan" SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science 63 (201976-81, 2019. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V6I3P114

Abstract:

In 2009 a USDA surveyor and expert team provided the technical expertise for, collecting, securing, shipping describing, and classifying soil samples to the National Laboratory of USDA, Lincoln Nebraska. 8 soil pedons have been sampled from Farah provinces. The US scientists addressed the soil fertility issue by investigating soil samples taken from the top three horizons (depth averaging 50 to 80 cm). Accordingly, soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis and classified according to US Soil Taxonomy. This study has been conducted on the classification of Farah soils according to WRB soil classification system. The aim of the study was to provide correlation possibilities of the available Afghan soil data with the international soil classification system of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), based on simplified correlation rules, the classification has been done based on available and details of soil survey data of the USDA NRCS Taxonomy.The achieved results are 6 soil types, which five profiles (Calcisols) and three profiles (Solonetz) in Farah Province Afghanistan. In the correlation both systems have some similarities, in giving information on texture properties, calcium carbonate contents, saturation with ground/ surface water, and some few more aspects of soil characteristics.

Keywords:

Soil classification, soil properties, Soil Taxonomy, Diagnostic Horizon, WRB, Qualifier.

References:

[1] Halimi. A.andTefera.H.(2019). Application of Cropwat Model for Estimation of Irrigation Sceduling of Tomato in Changing Climate of EsternEurope: The Case Study of Godollo, Hungary, (SSRG – IJAES) – Volume 6 Issue 1, 1-11.
[2] Habibi.A. Et al. ( 2019). Varietal Response of Wheat to Water Stress Condition of Baghlan Province, Afghanistan, (SSRG – IJAES) – Volume 6 Issue 3, 43- 46.
[3] Abdullah, Sh and Chmyriov, V., M. (2008). Geology and Mineral Resources of Afghanistan, British Geological Survey Occasional Publication No.15, Halstan & Co. Ltd., Amersham, Bucks, England, 11-14p.
[4] Brady, N., and Weil. R., R. (2009). Elements of the nature and properties of soils, Cornell University, Emeritus and university of Maryland at College Park, Pearson Education International,pp,27-49.
[5] Breckle, S.W. (2007).Flora and Vegetation of Afghanistan, Department of Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Wasserfuhr 24-26, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany,155-159pp.
[6] Cready, P. Mc. (2006). Mining journal, special publication, and Supplement, UK Mining Communications.
[7] Daniels, R., B. & Hammer, R., D. (1992). Soil Geomorphology, New York, John Wiley
[8] Dabi, M. K. (2011). Characterization and Classification of Soils of a Micro watershed on Basalt Parent Rock in Northern Transition Zone of Karnataka, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry college of agriculture , Dharwad University of agricultural science, India.
[9] FAO/UNDP. (1977). regional seminar on reclamation and management of calcareous soils, soil resources development and conservation service land and water development division, Cairo, Egypt.
[10] FAO/UNDP. (1979). Sandy Soils. Report of the, Seminar on Reclamation and Management of Sandy Soils in the Near East and North Africa.
[11] FAO, (2006). Guidelines for soil description, Fourth edition, Rome Italy. pp., 9-16.
[12] FAO/UNSF. (1960s). Project Co-operating, with Ministry of Agriculture, of Afghanistan
[13] Farhadi, A. (2007). Provincial Development Plan, Chapter one Consultations and Result by Cooperation with ANDS Secretariat, Kunar province, Afghanistan.
[14] Groombridge, B. (1992). Global Biodiversity, Status of the earth’s living resources. Chapman and Hall, London, 585pp.
[15] Habibi, K. (1983). Afghanistan. Fauna, Encyclopedia Iranica, Online Edition, 1982, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-ii-fauna
[16] Harris, W. (2008). National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment, Central Statistics Organization Kunar Provincial Development Plan, the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension ADAPT is coordinated by California State University, Fresno.
[17] Hildreth, A., C. (1957). Afghan Soils in Relation to Agricultural Production, U.S.A.I.D.
[18] IUSS Working Group WRB. (2006).World reference base for soil resources 2006. 2nd edition, World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. FAO, Rome.
[19] ICARDA. (2002). Need Assessment on Soil and Water in Afghanistan, Future Harvest Consortium to Rebuild Agriculture in Afghanistan, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria, Sponsored by the United States Agency for International Development, 10, 55pp.
[20] Kelley, J., R. et al. (2010). Physical Characteristics of Soil Collected in Iraq and Afghanistan related to remote sensing, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg, MS 39180.
[21] Khaurin. (2003). Trees and Bushes of Afghanistan, FAO Forest National Coordinator.
[22] Lang, V., Fuchs, M., Waltner, I. and Micheli, E. (2010). Taxonomic distance measurements applied for soil correlation. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Szent István University, Godollo, Hungary.
[23] MRRD. (2007). Provincial Development Plan, Farah Provincial Profile" prepared by the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Afghanistan.
[24] M. Šafīq, Y. (1983). Afghanistan, Flora, Encyclopedia Iranica, Online Edition, 1982, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistanflora.
[25] Nijssen. S. (2012). Key Information for Western Afghanistan.
[26] Palka, C. (2001). Afghanistan Regional Geography, Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering United States Military Academy, West Point, New York.14-25pp.
[27] Qureshi, A., S. (2002). Water Resources Management in Afghanistan: The Issues and Options, international water management institute, Pakistan Country Series No.14, 1-5pp.
[28] Rathjens, C. (1986) Desertification im Vorderen Orient, Gedanken zu einem geoökologischen Problem des Trocklenklimas, Colloqu, Geographicum 19, 153-164.
[29] Rossiter, D., G. (2001). Lecture Notes Principles of Soil Classification, Soil Science Division, ITC Enschede. The Netherlands. 4pp.
[30] RRERS. (2005). Regional Rural Economic Regeneration Strategies, Kunar, Afghanistan,.http://afghanag.ucdavis.edu/country-info/Province-agriculture-profiles/kunar/Kunarha.pdf.
[31] Sahaar. A., S. (2013). Erosion Mapping and Sediment Yield of the Kabul River Basin, Afghanistan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
[32] Soil Survey staff. (1999). Keys to Soil Taxonomy 10th Edition, United States Department of Agriculture. Washington D.C.
[33] Soil Survey staff. (2010). Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 11th Edition. United States Department of Agriculture. Washington D.C.
[34] Selvaradjou, S-K., et al, (2005). European Digital Archive of Soil Maps, Metadata of the Soil Maps of Asia. EUR 21820 EN, 204 pp. Office of the Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
[35] Schaetzl, R& Anderson, S. (2005) Soils Genesis and Geomorphology, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA ch1,p3 ch2,p9,ch3,p32 pp.
[36] Salem, M., L. & Hole, F., D. (1969). Soil Geography and Factors of Soil Formation in Afghanistan, Soil Science 107, 289-95pp.
[37] Shroder, J., F. (1983). Afghanistan, Geography, Encyclopedia Iranica, Online Edition, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-i-geography originally Published: December 15, 1983Last Updated: July 22, 2011.
[38] Thieme O. & Suttie. J. M. (2006) Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Afghanistan.7p http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/Counprof/afgan/afgan.htm .
[39] Tallyn. E, et al. (2009). A Brief Survey of Soil Fertility of Agricultural Land in Farah and Kunar Provinces. USDA, NRCS Revised May 2011, Afghanistan