Quantification of total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, and GC-MS Profile of Extracts of Piper Guineense, Dennettia Tripetala and Ocimum Gratissimum used in the Control of Cowpea Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus in Storage Grains

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science

© 2021 by SSRG - IJAES Journal

Volume 8 Issue 5

Year of Publication : 2021

Authors : Dawodu Ernest Olaolu, Edewor Theresa Ibibia, Babarinde Samuel Adelani

10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V8I5P102

How to Cite?

Dawodu Ernest Olaolu, Edewor Theresa Ibibia, Babarinde Samuel Adelani, "Quantification of total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, and GC-MS Profile of Extracts of Piper Guineense, Dennettia Tripetala and Ocimum Gratissimum used in the Control of Cowpea Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus in Storage Grains," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 8,  no. 5, pp. 9-18, 2021. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V8I5P102

Abstract:

Certain plants have been shown to possess insecticidal properties and the phytochemicals obtained from these plants have the advantage of serving as new leads for the design of target-specific molecules that will exhibit new modes of action against grain pest. Seeds of Piper guineense Schum and Thonn(PG), fruits of Dennettia tripetala Baker (DT) and leaves of Ocimum gratissimum Linnaeus (OG) were dried to constant weight and ground into powder. Each of the powders was soaked separately in n-hexane and methanol and the extracts obtained were concentrated by distillation and evaporated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out and some of the identified phytochemicals quantified using a spectrophotometer. The phytochemical profile of the extracts was determined using GC-MS. Flavonoids were identified in the methanol extracts of PG seeds, fruits of DT and leaves of OG; Steroids in methanol extract of PG and n-hexane extracts of PG and DT; Tannins and saponinsin methanol extract of OG and terpenoids in methanol extract of PG and n-hexane extracts of OG and DT. Alkaloids and glycosides were absent in all the extracts. The total phenolic content of the methanol extracts of OG, PG and DTwere 21.48± 0.15, 67.48±0.12, 13.09±0.11 mg Gallic acid equivalent /g extract while the Total flavonoid content were 0.15±0.01, 4.23±0.02, 1.69±0.01mg quercetin equivalent/g extract respectively. A total of 35 and 23 compounds were separated while 16 and 12 compounds were identified in the methanol extracts of OGand DT. A total of 55 compounds were separated and 20 identified in the n-hexane extract of PG. The identified compounds with the highest quantity in its extract were n-hexadecanoic acid (10.24%), N, N’-dimethyl-2-butene-1,4-diamine (15.99 %) and 6-(1-adamantylamino)-Furazano[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ol (11.51%)in PG, DT and OG respectively. The identified compounds are suspected to be responsible for the insecticidal activity of each of the plant parts which controlled Callosobruchus maculatus in storage grains.

Keywords:

Piper guineense, Dennettia tripetala, Ocimum gratissimum, n-Hexane, Methanol, Extracts, Callosobruchus maculatus, Phytochemicals, GC-MS

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