Waste Amount Characterization Survey of Municipal Solid Waste Generated in Sahiwal, Punjab-Pakistan

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science

© 2022 by SSRG - IJAES Journal

Volume 9 Issue 4

Year of Publication : 2022

Authors : Samina Bilal, Haider Ali, Sajjal Qasim, Amna Rana, Zeba Haseeb

10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V9I4P103

How to Cite?

Samina Bilal, Haider Ali, Sajjal Qasim, Amna Rana, Zeba Haseeb, "Waste Amount Characterization Survey of Municipal Solid Waste Generated in Sahiwal, Punjab-Pakistan," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 9,  no. 4, pp. 12-20, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V9I4P103

Abstract:

In today's contemporary world, rampant urbanization and changes in living standards followed by other factors have made waste management challenges. In urban areas, per capita waste generation increases rapidly over time, and its composition varies due to income levels, climatic conditions, and social behavior. The present study was designed to analyze per capita waste generation, physical characteristics, household size, and waste composition of municipal solid waste generated in Sahiwal city in October 2018. Waste was collected from residential, commercial, and designated sites for eight days. All the data was recorded and analyzed through Microsoft Excel at regular intervals. For all types of testing, ASTM standard method was used. The average household size from all income levels was about 6.0. In contrast, the average per capita waste generation was about 0.36 kg/capita/day encompassing 0.44kg/c/d in high-income areas, 0.36 and 0.35kg/c/day in middle and low-income areas and 0.27kg/c/day for rural area. The accumulative specific gravity of all waste streams was about 204.15 kg/m3 .
         Moreover, most of the waste can be categorized into four major components that revealed 60% organic and compostable, 16% earth fill material, 15% refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and only 9% recyclable might reduce to over 70% during secondary collection respectively. The waste amount characterization survey (WACS) is a mandatory tool for designing waste management services from collection to disposal. Sahiwal municipal committee intends to build a material recovery facility (MRF) to reduce the burden of dumping sites, environmental consequences, and overall collection to disposal expenses.

Keywords:

Municipal solid waste (MSW), Income areas, Recyclables, Compost, and Environment.

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