Call for Paper - Upcoming Issues

Determination of Local Background Values and Potential Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Vina's Ferralitic Soil, Adamawa Cameroon

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science
© 2023 by SSRG - IJAES Journal
Volume 10 Issue 3
Year of Publication : 2023
Authors : AMINATOU Amraou, SOUNYA Jean Boris, ONDOU OYONO Joseph Sadrac
10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V10I3P101
pdf
How to Cite?

AMINATOU Amraou, SOUNYA Jean Boris, ONDOU OYONO Joseph Sadrac, "Determination of Local Background Values and Potential Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Vina's Ferralitic Soil, Adamawa Cameroon," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 10,  no. 3, pp. 1-6, 2023. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V10I3P101

Abstract:

Local geochemical background (LGB) has great importance for environmental assessment and management. In this study, 53 core soil samples were collected in 3 different sites with minimal or no human intervention to determine H.M. (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Mn, As and Sn) concentration and pH. This study is aimed to define the Local Geochemical Background (LGB) of feralitic soil in Vina Cameroon. H.M. were determined using ICP-ES, and Excel was used for descriptive analysis. LGB was determined using the median ±2×MAD as the data are not normally distributed. Ei,r, and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were determined considering calculated LGB and Upper Continental Crust (UCC) standard values. Some obtained LGB (Pb, Zn, Cr and Sn) are greater than the UCC standard values that are mostly used to assess heavy metals in Cameroon. All the study sites present acidic pH. The obtained results are necessary to assess H.M.s pollution in the region and can be used as the basis for taking appropriate measures when restoring agricultural soils and protecting the quality of soil resources.

Keywords:

Local geochemical background, Ecological risk, Soil pollution, Heavy metals, Adamawa.

References:

[1] P. Adamo et al., “Distribution and Partition of Heavy Metals in Surface and Sub-Surface Sediments of Naples City Port,” Chemosphere, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 800–809, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Md. Ali Akber et al., “Potential Ecological Risk of Metal Pollution in Lead Smelter-Contaminated Agricultural Soils in Khulna, Bangladesh,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 191, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Amina Aboubakar et al., “Determination of Background Values and Assessment of Pollution and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Urban Agricultural Soils of Yaoundé, Cameroon,” Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol. 21, pp. 1437-1454, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Victor A. Asaah et al., “Heavy Metal Concentrations and Distribution in Surface Soils of the Bassa Industrial Zone 1, Douala, Cameroon,” Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 147-158, 2006.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Kent C. Condie, “Chemical Composition and Evolution of the Upper Continental Crust: Contrasting Results Form Surface Samples and Shales,” Chemical Geology, vol. 104, no. 1-4, pp. 1–37, 1993.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Sandra Costa-Böddeker et al., “Ecological Risk Assessment of a Coastal Zone in Southern Vietnam: Spatial Distribution and Content of Heavy Metals in Water and Surface Sediments of the Thi Vai Estuary and Can Gio Mangrove Forest,” Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 1141–1151, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Deyvison Andrey Medrado Gonçalves et al., “Geochemical Background for Potentially Toxic Elements in Forested Soils of the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon,” Minerals, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 674, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] K E Eade, and W F Fahrig, “Regional, Lithological, and Temporal Variation in the Abundances of some Trace Elements in the Canadian Shield,” Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, pp. 72–46, 1973.
[Google Scholar]
[9] B. Essama-Nssah, Saumik Paul, and Léandre Bassolé, “Accounting for Heterogeneity in Growth Incidence in Cameroon Using Recentered Influence Function Regression,” Journal of African Economies, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 757-795, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] FAO, National Report on the State of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Cameroun, 2008.
[11] FAO, FAOSTAT, 2013. [Online]. Available: http://faostat.fao.org/site/342/default.aspx
[12] Fezeu WML., “Mineral Status of Soils, Fodder Plants, Drinking Water and Cattle in the Wakwa Pasture in Cameroon,” Doctoral Thesis in Food Science and Nutrition, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, p. 253, 2006.
[13] Shan Ga et al., “Chemical Composition of the Continental Crust as Revealed by Studies in East China,” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 1959–1975, 1998.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] T. Matys Grygar, and J. Popelka, “Revisiting Geochemical Methods of Distinguishing Natural Concentrations and Pollution by Risk Elements in Fluvial Sediments,” Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol. 170, pp. 39–57, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Guo Weihua et al., “Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in the Sediments around Dongjiang Harbor, Tianjin,” Procedia Environmental Sciences, vol. 2, pp. 729-736, 2010.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Lars Hakanson, “An Ecological Risk Index for Aquatic Pollution Control, A Sedimentological Approach,” Water Research, vol. 14, pp. 975–1001, 1980.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Md Saiful Islam et al., “Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Water and Sediment: A Preliminary Assessment of an Urban River in a Developing Country,” Ecological Indicators, vol. 48, pp. 282–291, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] M. Lasserre, “Geological Study of the Eastern Part of Adamaoua,” Bull. Dir. Mines. Géol. Yaoundé, p. 125, 1961.
[Google Scholar]
[19] Chengqi Lin et al., “Contamination and Isotopic Composition of Pb and Sr in Offshore Surface Sediments from Jiulong River, Southeast China,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 218, pp. 644–650, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Ganpat Louhar et al., “Heavy Metals Distribution and Their Correlation with Physico-Chemical Properties of Different Soil Series of Northwestern India,” The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 90, no. 9, pp. 1742–1746, 2020.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Sijin Lu et al., “Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment of the Paddy Soils Near a Zinc-Lead Mining Area in Hunan,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 187, p. 627, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] A. Oseni Olalekan et al., “The Effects of pH on the Levels of Some Heavy Metals in Soil Samples of Five Dumpsites in Abeokuta and its Environs,” International Journal of Science and Research, vol. 5, no. 9, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Abhik Patra et al., “Chemical Fractionations and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Soils of Eastern Uttar Pradesh,” The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 91, no. 5, pp. 761–766, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Muhammad Qaswar et al., “Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metal Availability under Long-Term Combined Application of Swine Manure and Synthetic Fertilizers in Acidic Paddy Soil,” Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol. 20, pp. 2093-2106, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Clemens Reimann et al., “GEMAS: Establishing Geochemical Background and Threshold for 53 Chemical Elements in European Agricultural Soil,” Applied Geochemistry, vol. 88, no. 8, pp. 302–318, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] Ricardo Dzul-Caamal, Armando Vega-López, and Jaime Rendón-von Osten, “Distribution of Heavy Metals in Crop Soils from an Agricultural Region of the Yucatan Peninsula and Biochemical Changes in Earthworm Eisenia Foetida Exposed Experimentally,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 192, p. 338, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Vinayak V Savanoor, Rajpaul Yadav, and Ganpat Louhar, “Vertical Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soil Profile of Peri-Urban Areas of Haryana,” The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 91, no. 11, pp. 1597–1601, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] DM Shaw et al., “Composition of the Canadian Precambrian Shield and the Continental Crust of the Earth,” Geological Society of London, vol. 24, pp. 257–282, 1986.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[29] Shuhang Wang et al., “Geochemical baseline Establishment and Pollution Source Determination of Heavy Metals in Lake Sediments: A Case Study in Lihu Lake, China,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 657, pp. 978-986, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[30] Sun Linhua, “Calculating Environmental Background Value: A Comparative Study of Statistical Versus Spatial Analyses,” Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 28, no. 1, 197-203, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[31] Stuart Ross Taylor, and Scott M. McLennan, “The Geochemical Evolution of the Continental Crust,” Reviews of Geophysics, vol. 33, pp. 241–265, 1995.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[32] Michel Tchotsoua, Traditional Strategies for Combating Soil Erosion on the Ngaoundéré Plateau (North Cameroon). [Online]. Available: https://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/12875?lang=fr
[33] M. Tchotsoua, “Recent Evolution of the Territories of Central Adamaoua,” Spatialization to Aid for Controlled Development, p. 267, 2006.
[34] Štěpánka Tůmová et al., “Common Flaws in the Analysis of River Sediments Polluted by Risk Elements and How to Avoid Them: Case Study in the Ploučnice River System, Czech Republic,” Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol. 19, pp. 2020–2033, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[35] K. Hans Wedepohl, “The Composition of the Continental Crust,” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 1217-1232, 1995.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[36] Yu Yan et al., “Background Determination, Pollution Assessment and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Estuarine Sediments from Quanzhou Bay, Southeast China,” Catena, vol. 187, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[37] Shicheng Zhao, Shaojun Qiu, and Ping He, “Changes of Heavy Metals in Soil and Wheat Grain Under Long-Term Environmental Impact and Fertilization Practices in North China,” Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol. 41, no. 15, pp. 1970–1979, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]