Macrophytes of Dal and Nigeen Lake and succession after invasion of Azolla

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science
© 2017 by SSRG - IJAES Journal
Volume 4 Issue 3
Year of Publication : 2017
Authors : Shahnawaz Ahmad (F.S.E.Sc), NayaraTaban
pdf
How to Cite?

Shahnawaz Ahmad (F.S.E.Sc), NayaraTaban, "Macrophytes of Dal and Nigeen Lake and succession after invasion of Azolla," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 4,  no. 3, pp. 34-37, 2017. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V4I3P106

Abstract:

Succession of macrophytes in the lake became more dramatic and dynamic after invasion of Azola ie 2004. The weed pushes and smothers other free-floating macrophytes like lemna sp. It then provides substrates for the emergent weeds, which later reduces its population by competition for light and nutrients.

Keywords:

Dal Lake, Macrophytes, zonation, succession

References:

1) APHA. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. 20th Edn. APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Washington D.C., USA (1998).
2) Arceivala, S.J.: Sustainable Wastewater Treatment. AIC Watson Consultants Ltd., Mumbai, India (1997).
3) George, I., P. Crop and P. Servais: Fecal coliform removal in wastewater treatment plants studied by plate counts and enzymatic methods. Water Res., 36, 2607-2617 (2002).
4) Gunten, U.V., A. Driedger, H. Gallard and E. Salhi: Byproducts formation during drinking water disinfection: A tool to assess disinfection efficiency? Water Res., 35, 2095-2099 (2001).
5) Haas, C.N. and R.S. Engelbrecht: Physiological alterations of vegetative microorganisms resulting from chlorination. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 52, 1976-1989 (1980).
6) Indra, V. and S. Sivaji: Metals and organic components of sewage and sludges. J. Environ. Biol., 27, 723-725 (2005). 
7) Kumari, Banu, S., A. Kavitha Kirubavathy and Rajammal Thirumalnesan: Suitability and water quality criteria of an open drainage municipal sewage water at Coimbatore, used for irrigation. J. Environ. Biol., 27, 709-712 (2006).
8) Lazarova, V., P. Savoye, M.L. Janex, E.R. Blatchley III and M. Pommepuy: Advanced wastewater disinfection technologies: State of art and perspectives. Water Sci. Technol., 40, 203-213 (1999).
9) Laxmi, V., J. Parikh and K.S. Parikh: Environment: Can neglect no longer. In: India development report (Ed.: K.S. Parikh). Oxford University Press, Delhi, India. pp. 95-106 (1997).
10) Lessard, P. and Y. L. Bihan: Fixed film processes. In: The handbook of water and wastewater microbiology (Eds.: D. Mara and N. Horan). Academic Press, USA. pp. 317-336 (2003).
11) Lindsay, L.: Chlorination. Tech. Brief., 4, 1-4 (2004).
12) Machdar, I., H. Harada, A. Ohashi, Y. Sekiguchi, H. Okui and K. Ueki: A novel and cost-effective sewage treatment system consisting of UASB pretreatment and aerobic posttreatment units for developing countries. Water Sci. Technol., 36, 189-197 (1997).
13) Miescer, J. J. and V. J. Cabelli: Enterococci and other microbial indicators in Municipal wastewater effluents. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 54, 1599-1606 (1982).