Investigation of the Influence of Light Crude Oil on the Performance of Cement Mortar

International Journal of Civil Engineering

© 2019 by SSRG - IJCE Journal

Volume 6 Issue 4

Year of Publication : 2019

Authors : Magdi Almabrok , Robert McLaughlan , Kirk Vessalas

10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V6I4P108

How to Cite?

Magdi Almabrok , Robert McLaughlan , Kirk Vessalas, "Investigation of the Influence of Light Crude Oil on the Performance of Cement Mortar," SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 6,  no. 4, pp. 39-45, 2019. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V6I4P108

Abstract:

Spillage and leakage of hydrocarbon from petroleum activities have continually increased and are recognized as important contamination sources. The management of hydrocarbon contaminated fine-grained material is a major environmental concern. These hazardous materials have been regulated by legislation and have become one of the pressing needs confronting the petroleum industry. Current treatment technologies are either cost-prohibitive and/, or the treated products have to be sent to the landfill without any potential end-user, thereby rendering these solutions unsustainable. Cement-based stabilization/solidification (S/S) is an emerging technology; however, there is currently quite limited knowledge on the Effect of oil on the cement solidification process and its consequent effect on the performance of the resultant cementitious mix. The appropriate end-use scenario for cement-based mortar is examined when incorporating light crude oil and 10% aggregate mass. Calorimeter study indicated that the introduction of light crude oil into cement mortar has an impact but no discernible dramatic change. It caused some hydration inhibition but little retardation. Increased light crude oil fraction in the cement mortar increased setting time and decreased air content. The compressive strength decreased by ~50 % compared to the control at 28 days age. However, since the compressive strength covered a wide range of values, various feasible end-use scenarios for oil-contaminated mortar exist.

Keywords:

Light crude oil, mortar, compressive strength, stabilization, solidification.

References:

[1] A. A. Aguwa., Waste management in the oil industry, New York, USA, Universe, Inc. (2007).
[2] M.S Al-Ansary, and A. Al-Tabbaa, Stabilisation/solidification of synthetic petroleum drill cuttings, Journal of Hazardous Materials,141(2),(2007), 410-421.
[3] M.Tuncan, and H. Koyuncu, Stabilisation of petroleum contaminated drilling wastes by additives, in The Seventh International Offshore and Polar Engineering. Honolulu, USA: International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers., (1997).
[4] K. Hagaa, S. Sutoua, M. Hironagab, S. Tanakac, and S. Nagasakid, Effects of porosity on leaching of Ca from hardened ordinary Portland cement paste, Cement and Concrete Research, 35, (2005),1764-1775.
[5] H. Saitoa, and A. Deguchib, Leaching tests on different mortars using the accelerated electrochemical method, Cement and Concrete Research, 30,( 2000),1815-1825.
[6] H. Rho, B. Arafar, R.C. Buchanan, P.I. Pinto, ''Decomposition of hazardous organic materials in the solidification/stabilization process using catalytic – activated carbon'' Waste Management, 21, (2001),343-356.
[7] A. M. Hago, H. F. Hassan, A. AL Rawas, R. Taha, S.Al Hadidi, Characterisation of concrete blocks containing petroleum-contaminated soils and Building Materials, 21, (2007), 952 - 957.
[8] A.S. Ezeldin, R. Mikhail, and B. Choi, Properties of concrete containing benzene contaminated soil., ACI Materials Journal., 92, (1995),401- 410.
[9] C. Vipulanandan, Effect of clays and cement on the solidification of phenol - contaminated soils, Waste Management, 15,(1995),399- 406.
[10] C. Vipulanandan, and S. Krishnan, Solidification/Stabilisation of Phenolic waste with cementitious and polymeric materials, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 24,(1990),123-136,
[11] W. O. Ajagbe, O. S. Omokehinde, G. A. Alade, and O.A. Agbede, Effect of crude oil impacted sand on compressive strength of concrete, Construction and Building Materials, 26, (1), (2012),9 - 12.
[12] G. M. Ayininuola, Influence of diesel oil and bitumen on compressive strength of concrete, Journal of Civil Engineering, 37,(1), (2009),65 - 71.
[13] A. S. Ezeldin, D. A. Vaccari. L. Bradford, S. Dilcer, and E. Farouz, Stabilisation and solidification of hydrocarbon – contaminated soils in concrete, Journal of Soil Contamination, 1(1), (1992),61 - 79.
[14] M. Attom, R. Hawileh, and M. Naser, Investigation on concrete compressive strength mixed with sand contaminated by crude oil products, Construction and Building Materials, 47, (2013),99 - 103.
[15] M. Lang, and T. Hapuarachchi, Use of oily drilling wastes in civil engineering applications, report no. COR027/Programme/2002, September (Available at: http://www.bmtcordah.com/_downloads/Use%20of%20Oily. %20Drilling%20Wastes%20in%20Engineering.pdf.),BMT Cordah Limited.
[16] J. M. Cullinane and R.M., Bricka, An evaluation of organic materials that interfere with stabilization/solidification processes, in Petroleum contaminated soils, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, USA, (1989).
[17] S. Beddu, M.F. Nuruddin, and N. Shafiq,' Effects of used engine oil as chemical admixtures on the properties of high strength concrete, in The International Conference on Construction and Building Technology, Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Kuala Lumpur, Malysia, (2008).
[18] M. H. Almabrok, Cement-based stabilization/solidification of oil and salt contaminated materials, Ph.D. thesis, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia, (2014).
[19] H. D. Sharma, and S.P. Lewis., Waste containment systems, waste stabilization, and landfills: Design and evaluation, New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, (1994).
[20] R. Spence, and C. Shi., Stabilisation / Solidification of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed waste. CRC Press, London. (2005).
[21] J. A. Stegemann, and P.L. Cote, A proposal protocol for evaluating solidified wastes, Science of the Total Environment, 178,(1-3), (1996),103 - 110.
[22] E. T. Huston, V. Mujumdar, P. J. Samblaner, and W. A. Wood'' Mortar for masonry, International Masonry Institute's, http://academic.csuohio.edu/duffy_s/593_02c.pdf: Annapolis,MD,USA, 1997.
[23] DFID., Literature Review - Stabilised Sub-Bases for Heavily Trafficked Roads, Department for International Development: Berkshire, United Kingdom, 2000.
[24] OPSS 315, Construction specification for the concrete sidewalk, Ontario Provincial Standard Specification, Canada.,(2010).
[25] ASTM C150/C150M, Standard specification for Portland cement, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2016).
[26] ASTM C270, Standard specification for mortar for unit masonry, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2014).
[27] ASTM C305, Standard practice for mechanical mixing of hydraulic cement pastes and mortars of plastic consistency, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA,(2014).
[28] ASTM C109/C109M, Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] cube specimens), American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2013).
[29] ASTM C1437, Standard test method for the flow of hydraulic cement mortar, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2007).
[30] ASTM C138, Standard test method for density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of concrete, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2010).
[31] ASTM C231, Standard test method for air content of freshly mixed concrete by the pressure method, ASTM International, (2010).
[32] ASTM C807, Standard test method for setting hydraulic cement mortar by modified Vicat needle, American Society for Testing and Materials, USA, (2013).
[33] B. S. Hamad, A.A. Rteil, and M. El-Fadel, Effect of used engine oil on fresh and hardened concrete properties, Construction and Building Materials, 17, (2003),311 - 318.
[34] G. E. Abdelaziz, Utilizing used-engine oil in concrete as a chemical admixture, Housing, and Building Research Center HBRC, 3(3),(2009).
[35] J. O. Fredrick, E. Achuenu, S. S Maxwell, and S. A. Itodo, Performance of castor oil as an admixture in the fresh cementitious matrix, SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering ( SSRG – IJCE ),4 (6), (2017), 86 - 93.
[36] J. H. Kim, and R.E. Robertson, ''Prevention of air void formation in polymer-modified cement mortar by pre-wetting, Cement and Concrete Research, 27(2), (1997),171-176.
[37] A. G. Rao, Investigations on the performance of silica fume-incorporated cement pastes and mortars, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, (2003),1765 - 1770.
[38] L. Senff, J. A. Labrinche, V. M. Ferreira, D. Hotza, and W. L. Repette, Effect of nano-silica on rheology and fresh properties of cement pastes and mortars, Construction and Building Materials,23, (2009),2487-249.
[39] P. Lawrence, E. Ringot, and B. Husson, About the air content measurement in mortar, Materials, and Structures, 32, (1999),618 - 621.
[40] H. Tremblay, J. Duchesne, J. Locat, and S. Leroueil, Influence of organic compounds' nature on fine soil stabilization with cement, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 39, (2002), 535 - 546.