Uplifting Effect on Structural Response to Elastic Foundation Caused by Earthquake Ground Motion
| International Journal of Civil Engineering |
| © 2023 by SSRG - IJCE Journal |
| Volume 10 Issue 6 |
| Year of Publication : 2023 |
| Authors : Okafor Fidelis Onyebuchi, Onyia Micheal Ebie, Ugwu Juliet Nneka |
10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V10I6P103
How to Cite?
Okafor Fidelis Onyebuchi, Onyia Micheal Ebie, Ugwu Juliet Nneka, "Uplifting Effect on Structural Response to Elastic Foundation Caused by Earthquake Ground Motion," SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 21-34, 2023. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V10I6P103
Abstract:
The effect of Uplift on structural response to the elastic foundation from earthquake ground motion was investigated. The uplifting of the foundation is an essential factor in structures' response during seismic vibration due to increased flexibility in the structure support. This structure is supported on the two-parameter elastic foundation, which accounts for continuity between the loaded and unloaded parts. Two conditions of foundation contact were analyzed: the foundation on complete contact with the supporting spring elements and the foundation during Uplift. For each of these cases, equations of motion were derived using Newton's second law of motion, applying D'Alembert's principle and considering the moment and lateral equilibrium of forces acting on the structure. Duhamel integral was applied in solving the system response, and the resulting response equations were solved using the numerical solution of Simpson's method. El-Centro maximum earthquake ground acceleration as input was applied for the structural responses. This study suggested that the Uplift of structures does not always reduce the structural response. An increased natural frequency during Uplift may be attributed to the surrounding soil spring element effects on the structure. It was seen that analysis of structural response to uplift occurrence showed an upward trend pointing that Uplift in a system might depend on the nature of excitation, structure parameter and foundation parameter as uplift effects can change the system dynamic properties.
Keywords:
Dynamics, Earthquake, Elastic foundation, Flexibility, Uplift.
References:
[1] Storgaard N, “Earthquakes and Their Effects on Buildings,” Unpublished Thesis, VIA University College, 2010.
[2] J. W. Smith, Vibration of Structures, Applications in Civil Engineering Design, Chapman and Hall Ltd, First Edition, 1988.
[3] Hsiung Chin-min, Base Isolation Benefits of Rocking and Uplift, Texas Tech University, 1988.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Chik-Sing Yim, and Anil K. Chopra, “Earthquake Response of Structures with Partial Uplift on Winkler Foundation,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Atructural Dynamics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 263-281, 1984.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Chaojin Xu, and C. C. Spyrakos, “Seismic Analysis of Towers Including Foundation Uplift,” Engineering Structures, vol. 18. no. 4, pp. 271-278, 1996.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Sivapalan Gajan, and Mohammad Kayser, “Quantification of the Influence of Subsurface Uncertainties on the Performance of Rocking Foundations during Seismic Loading,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 116, pp 1-14, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Mohammad Salehi, Amir Hossein Jafarieh, and Mohammad Ali Ghannad, “Effects of Foundation Uplift on the Dynamic Response of Steel Frames,” Conference: Structures Congress, 2017.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] M. A. Hamarat, U. H. Calik Karakose, and E. Orakdogen, “Seismic Analysis of Structure Resting on Two-Parameter Elastic Foundation,” 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, p. 1935, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] NI Chuan-Zhi, “Analysis of Surface Uplift of Deep Foundation Pit of East Extension Dou Ge-Zhuang Station of Beijing Subway Line 7,” International Journal of Recent Engineering Science, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 5-10, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
[10] Khoshnoudian Faramarz, and Hashemi Mohammad Ali, “Nonlinear Behaviour of Building with Foundation Uplift under Earthquake Excitation,” 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 2004.
[Publisher Link]
[11] George W. Housner, “Limit Design of Structures to Resist Earthquakes,” Proceedings of the First World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 1956.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Mortezaie Hamid, and Zamanian Reza, “Effects of Foundation Uplift on Seismic Behaviour of Three-Dimensional Structure Controlled with Tuned Mass Damper,” Structural Monitoring and Maintenance, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 221-234, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Agarwal P, and Shrikhande M, Structural Dynamics, Theory of Structure, Prentice Hall of India, Inc, 2007.
[14] Iancu-Bogdan Teodoru, Beams on Elastic Foundation, the Simplified Continuum Approach, Published Universitatea Technica, Gheorghe Asachi, Bulletin of the Polythecnic Institute of Jassy, Constructions, Architecture section LV (LIX), pp. 37-45, 2009.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Xiaoyang Qin, and Nawawi Chouw, “Shake Table Test on Uplift Behaviour of a Shear Frame in Earthquake,” World Congress on Advances in Civil, Environmental and Materials Research (ACEM’12), pp. 2061-2071, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Keizo Iwashita, and Taniguchi Hajime, “Effect of Uplift on Earthquake Response of Building,” 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (12WCEE), 2000.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Timothy Danjuma et al., “Soil Investigation of a Collapsed Building Site in Jos, Nigeria,” International Journal of Recent Engineering Science, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1-5, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
[18] Setogawa S et al., “Study on the Seismic Stability of a Power Plant Structure and Foundation Analysis,” Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Structural mechanics in Reactor Technology, vol. 19, no. 19, pp. 291-296, 1987.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Iyengar R. N, Ramachandran V, and Verma U. S. P, “Uplift of a Power Plant Founded on Rock Under Seismic Excitation,” Proceedings of the 9 th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 195-200, 1987.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Qin X, Chen Y, and Chouw N, “Effects of Uplift and Soil Non-Linearity on Plastic Hinge Development and Induced Vibrations in Structures,” Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 135-147, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Ahmed Babahammou, and Rhali Benamar, “A Multi-Mode Approach to Geometrically Nonlinear Free and Forced Vibrations of Rectangular Plate Resting on Two Line Supports,” International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 416- 435, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
[22] Praveen Malhotra, “Practical Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Tanks,” Earthquake Spectra, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 473-492, 2000.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] F. Zhou, M. Mori, and N. Fukuwa, “A New Uplift Foundation Analysis Model to Simulate Dynamic Nonlinear Soil-Structure Interaction,” 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (15WCEE), 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Marios Apostolou, George Gazetas, and Evangelia Garini, “Seismic Response of Slender Rigid Structures with Foundation Uplifting,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 642-654, 2007.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Miguel Ormeno, Tam Larkin, and Nawawi Chouw, “Influence of Uplift on Liquid Storage Tanks during Earthquakes,” Coupled Systems Mechanics, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 311-324, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] M. Hetenyi, Beams on Elastic Foundation: Theory with Applications in the Fields of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1964.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Ioannis N. Psycharis, and Paul C. Jennings, “Rocking of Slender Rigid Blocks Allowed to Uplift,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp 57-76, 1983.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[28] Shijun Ding et al., “Uplift Bearing Capacity of Transmission Tower Foundation in Reinforced Aeolian Sand using Simplified Model Tests,” Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2021, pp. 1-13, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[29] Anil K. Chopra, Dynamics of Structures, Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, Fourth Edition, Prentice-Hall International Series, 2011.
[Google Scholar]
[30] Amir Hossein Jafarieh, and Mohammad Ali Ghannad, “Seismic Performance of Nonlinear Soil-Structure Systems Located on Soft Soil Considering Foundation Uplifting and Soil Yielding,” Structures, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 973-982, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[31] IS 1893 (Part 1): Criteria for Earthquake Resistance Design of Structures, Part 1 General Provisions and Buildings, Sixth Revision, 2016.
[Publisher Link]