Evaluation of Subchronic Exposure to Aluminium Chloride and N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea on the Hematopoietic System and the Bioavailability of Iron, Copper, and Zinc in Sprague Dawley Rats

International Journal of Chemical Engineering Research

© 2024 by SSRG - IJCER Journal

Volume 11 Issue 1

Year of Publication : 2024

Authors : Jeanette Guadalupe Arredondo-Damián, Antonio Rascón-Careaga, Kareen Krizzan Encinas-Soto, Alejandro Monserrat García-Alegría

10.14445/23945370/IJCER-V11I1P102

How to Cite?

Jeanette Guadalupe Arredondo-Damián, Antonio Rascón-Careaga, Kareen Krizzan Encinas-Soto, Alejandro Monserrat García-Alegría, "Evaluation of Subchronic Exposure to Aluminium Chloride and N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea on the Hematopoietic System and the Bioavailability of Iron, Copper, and Zinc in Sprague Dawley Rats," SSRG International Journal of Chemical Engineering Research, vol. 11,  no. 1, pp. 10-17, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23945370/IJCER-V11I1P102

Abstract:

Aluminum (Al) in its soluble form as AlCl3 and N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU) are considered potentially hemotoxic. For this reason, the objective of this research was to determine whether the administration of Al, alone or in combination with NMU, affects hematological parameters and/or the bioavailability of essential metals. Respecting the postulates of the three R’s, 12 Sprague Dawley rats were treated with 10 mg Al/kg body weight/day and administered intragastrically for 15 days. NMU was administered a single dose of 50 mg NMU/kg body weight intraperitoneally at 50 days of age. Blood biometry was performed using a Coulter HmX Hematology Analyzer, whereas peripheral blood was digested with mineral acids using a microwave oven. The concentration of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) was determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In contrast, Al levels were analyzed using the graphite furnace technique using a Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 400. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS statistics package, version 21 and randomization tests in Mathlab version 2014. The results obtained indicate that the administration of AlCl3, alone or in combination with NMU, does not affect blood parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, and white blood cells, among others) or the bioavailability of Fe, Cu, and Zn obtained from the diet, under the proposed experimental conditions. The micronucleus analysis was the exception, as for treatment C (+2000 Al/−NMU), an increase in the number of micronuclei resulting in 17.5, 26.2, and 30 micronuclei was observed when increasing the exposure time of 5, 10, and 15 days, respectively, with respect to the other experimental treatments.

Keywords:

Aluminium, Hematological alterations, Metal bioavailability, Rats, Toxicity.

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