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Volume 13 | Issue 4 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJECE-V13I4P119 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I4P119

Development of New Hybrid Optical CDMA COARSE Radio over Fiber for 5G Capacity Improvement

Feras N. Hasoon, Hilal A. Fadhil, Abadal-Salam T. Hussain, Hussein A Kazem, Taha Almulaisi

Received Revised Accepted Published
14 Jan 2026 15 Feb 2026 18 Mar 2026 30 Apr 2026

Citation :

Feras N. Hasoon, Hilal A. Fadhil, Abadal-Salam T. Hussain, Hussein A Kazem, Taha Almulaisi, "Development of New Hybrid Optical CDMA COARSE Radio over Fiber for 5G Capacity Improvement," International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 233-238, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I4P119

Abstract

Recently, the application of Radio over Fiber (RoF) has grown such that the whole industry would benefit from a crucial element of it through the link between the base station and the central home. Integrated optical CDMA with Coarse WDM is essential, particularly when the market expands toward ultra-high-speed communication products like 5G applications. This article presents a design framework of RoF based on Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) techniques, including the two main types, namely, Optical CDMA and Coarse WDM. The RoF-based Optical CDMA and Coarse WDM systems are verified and implemented at ultra-high data transmission of 10 Gbps, 8 channels each. We outline the performance comparison between both systems-based evaluations, which were conducted through eye diagram analysis, transmission distance, power levels, and minimum Bit-Error-Rate (BER) of 10-9. The article concludes with a result showing that the new hybrid RoF system delivered a trade-off performance at 10 Gbps; these outcomes highlight Coase WDM as a cost-efficient approach that maximizes the use of existing fiber optic bandwidth. This study presents a new joint application-based Coarse WDM system used for distributed radio units, while the Optical CDMA system will be used for massive centralized baseband units associated with (5G/6G) network expansion up to 90 channels.

Keywords

Optical CDMA, SAC, Coarse, 5G/6G, BER.

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