Millennial National Security’s Cornerstones 5G, Cloud Technology, and Artificial Intelligence

International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering

© 2019 by SSRG - IJECE Journal

Volume 6 Issue 8

Year of Publication : 2019

Authors : Khaled Elbehiery, Hussam Elbehiery

10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V6I8P107

How to Cite?

Khaled Elbehiery, Hussam Elbehiery, "Millennial National Security’s Cornerstones 5G, Cloud Technology, and Artificial Intelligence," SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 6,  no. 8, pp. 44-54, 2019. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V6I8P107

Abstract:

Yesterday, humans were the only living thing species that can talk and have a conversation among them but today this has changed, non-living things such as refrigerators are able to tell us if it is working properly, what we have in it, send you a picture to your mobile phone what needs to be bought if we running low on something, they can even search the internet for close by stores for the best prices and send you the information with location’s GPS coordinates and a map to follow, and if you can’t go, it will order it for you and have it delivered to your home. How is this happening, the answer is 5G, cloud as a service, and artificial intelligence. Our world is going to change dramatically. We're going to have a world with more variety, more connectedness, more dynamism, more complexity, more adaptability, and of course more beauty. The shape of things to come will be unlike anything we've ever seen before; a new partnership between technology and humanity, this is a future well worth looking forward to. Fundamentally, with 5G connecting almost everything, public cloud has all the data, and artificial intelligence with its revolutionary power that could predict human behaviour. Technologies are amazing but could be frightening same time, technologies must be protected and most important protect us if it falls in the wrong hand. National security regulations offer checks and balances that guarantee the useful, productive use and prevent corruption and destroying society.

Keywords:

5G wireless network, Public Cloud, Internet of Things (IoT), Fixed wireless access (FWA), Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Mobile network operator (MNO).

References:

[1] Hussam Elbehiery, Khaled Elbehiery, "5G as a Service (5GaaS)" Seventh Sense Research Group®, International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IJECE), Volume 6, Issue 8, pp.22-30, Louisiana, USA, P-ISSN: 2349-9184, E-ISSN: 2348-8549, August 2019.
[2] (2016) Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., “5G Network Architecture; A High Level Perspective,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.huawei.com/minisite/hwmbbf16/insights/5G-Nework-Architecture-Whitepaper-en.pdf
[3] (2019) National Instruments; Engineer’s Guide to 5G Semiconductor Test, “5 Challenges of Wideband 5G Device Test,” [Online]. Available:
http://www.ni.com/en-lb/innovations/wireless/5g/5g-device-test-challenges.html
[4] (2019) VIAVI Solutions Inc., “5G Architecture,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.viavisolutions.com/en-us/5g-architecture
[5] D. N. A. Zaidel et al., "5G Coupler Design or Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Application," International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 899-904, April 2017.
Samsung, “Samsung demo: 5G vision,” Korea, Aug. 2015. Available: http://www.samsung.com/global/business/networks/insights/news/samsung-electronics-sets-5g-speed-record-at-7-5gbpsover-30-times-faster-than-4g-lte.
[6] C.-X. Wang, F. Haider, X. Gao, X.-H. You, Y. Yang, D. Yuan, H. Anggoune, H. Haas, S. Fletcher, and E. Hepsaydir, “Cellular Architecture and Key Technologies for 5G Wireless Communication Network,” IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 122130, Feb. 2014.
[7] Colin Blackman, Simon Forge “5G Deployment; State of Play in Europe, USA and Asia,” Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies, Directorate-General for Internal Policies, PE 631.060 – April 2019.
[8] (2018) Stratfor Enterprises, LLC., “The U.S., China and Others Race to Develop 5G Mobile Networks,” USA, [Online]. Available:
https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/us-china-and-others-race-develop-5g-mobile-networks
[9] Jeremy Horwitz, “Decoding 5G: A cheat sheet for next-gen cellular concepts and jargon,” VB, Mobile, December 2018. [Online]. Available:
https://venturebeat.com/2018/12/12/decoding-5g-a-cheat-sheet-for-next-gen-cellular-concepts-and-jargon/
[10] Nor Adibah Ibrahim, Tharek Abd. Rahman, Olakunle Elijah, “Recent Trend in Electromagnetic Radiation and Compliance Assessments for 5G Communication,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), ISSN: 2088-8708, Vol.7, No.2, pp. 912~918, April 2017.
[11] M. F. Ghanim, “Performance investigation of WOFDM for 5G wireless networks,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), ISSN: 2088-8708, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 3153~3158, August 2019.
[12] Dyg Norkhairunnisa Abang Zaidel, Norhudah Seman, , Mohd Ridhuan Mohd Sharip, Dyg Azra Awang Mat, Nur Alia Athirah Mohtadzar, “5G Coupler Design for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Application,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), ISSN: 2088-8708, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 899~904, April 2017.
[13] Nirmalkumar S Benni, Sunilkumar S Manvi, “Enhancement of data transmission using optimized multi-cell approach in 5G backhaul wireless mesh network,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, ISSN: 2502-4752, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 68~79, April 2019.
[14] (2017) Disruptive Asia, “5G will start moving the needle on mobile data growth in 2020: Cisco VNI,” [Online]. Available:
https://disruptive.asia/5g-mobile-data-growth-2020-cisco-vni/
[15] Adrian Jakobsson, “The 5G Future Will Be Powered By AI,” informa Tec., Network Computing, UBM Americas, a UBM plc company, March 2019. [Online]. Available:
https://www.networkcomputing.com/wireless-infrastructure/5g-future-will-be-powered-ai
[16] (2019) RCR WIRELESS NEWS, “5G and AI: Increased network complexity requires an intelligent and automated approach,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.rcrwireless.com/20190528/5g/5g-ai-network-complexity
[17] Marguerite Reardon, “How 5G got tied up in a trade war between Trump and China,” CBS INTERACTIVE INC, July 2019. [Online]. Available:
https://www.cnet.com/news/wi-fi-6-will-upgrade-your-workhorse-wireless-network/
[18] (2019) Ban Lethal Autonomous Weapons, “EFFORTS TO SUPPORT A BAN,” [Online]. Available:
https://autonomousweapons.org/
[19] (2018) Ericsson, “Modern slavery and human trafficking statement,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.ericsson.com/493221/assets/local/about-ericsson/sustainability-and-corporate-responsibility/documents/2018/ericsson_statement_on_modern_slavery_2018.pdf
[20] (2019) Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson “Evolving the future with network architecture,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.ericsson.com/en/future-technologies/architecture?gclid=CjwKCAjw7anqBRALEiwAgvGgm0e4GBYwh1N2J8elmhuQBL9tD8FFUBmDH4GNkZBDxrlGElEknLjzxBoCwOsQAvD_BwE
[21] (2019) Endeavor Business Media, LLC., Cabling Installation & Maintenance, “The role of fiber in 5G networks,” [Online].Available:
https://www.cablinginstall.com/home/article/16468526/the-role-of-fiber-in-5g-networks
[22] (2019) Amazon Web Services, Inc., “7 Lessons to Make Your Cloud Adoption Plan a Success,” [Online].Available:
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/publicsector/a-guide-to-cloud-success-understand-the-aws-cloud-adoption-framework/
[23] Everett Dolgner, “AWS Services for Data Transfer,” Storage Specialist Solutions Architect – EMEA. [Online].Available:
https://datapath.io/resources/blog/what-are-aws-data-transfer-costs-and-how-to-minimize-them/
[24] (2019) “Seamless and Simple Migration to the Cloud,” VMware Cloud. [Online].Available:
https://cloud.vmware.com/i-need-to/migrate-to-the-cloud
[25] Tyler Warren, “The Key to a Seamless VMware Hybrid Cloud Migration,” World Wide Technology, 2019. [Online].Available:
https://www.wwt.com/article/vmware-hybrid-cloud-migration
[26] (2019) “The Enterprise Guide to Managing Multi-Cloud Operations; Mastering the scale and complexity of multi-cloud operations,” VMware Cloud. [Online].Available:
https://www.vmware.com/it-priorities/integrate-public-clouds/manage-multi-clouds.html
[27] (2019) “Unify Multi-Cloud Operations Without the Headaches,” VMware Cloud. [Online].Available:
https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt58b49a8a0e43b5ff/bltde160cdfdefa9735/5cff22cfc06daee314d1eba3/Multi_Cloud_Overview.pdf
[28] (2019) “Scale On Demand from data centers to cloud,” VMware Cloud. [Online].Available:
https://cloud.vmware.com/community/scale-on-demand/
[29] Stephen Orban, “Strategies for Accelerating Migration to AWS,” AMAZON WEB SERVICES, 1st Nov 2016. [Online].Available:
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/enterprise-strategy/6-strategies-for-migrating-applications-to-the-cloud/
[30] Nemanja Kostic (2018) “CapEx Vs OpEx: Cloud Computing,” Merit Solutions Blog website. [Online]. Available:
https://meritsolutions.com/CAPEX-vs-OPEX-cloud-computing-blog/
[31] O. Idowu-bismark, O. Kennedy, F. Idachaba, and A. A. Atayero, ―A Primer on MIMO Detection Algorithms for 5G Communication Network, vol. 8, no. June, pp. 194–205, 2018.
[32] Singh S., “STAR: SLA-aware autonomic management of cloud resources,” IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, pp. 1-22, 2017.
[33] Mosa A., “Optimizing virtual machine placement for energy and SLA in clouds using utility functions,” Journal of Cloud Computing, vol.5, no. 1, pp. 1-17, 2016.
[34] “The international EMF project.” [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/peh-emf/en/. [Accessed: 01-Sep-2018].
[35] “Low EMF Exposure Networks (LEXNET).”[Online]. Available: http://www.lexnet.fr/. [Accessed: 01-Sep-2018]
[36] Amine Rghioui, Abdelmajid Oumnad, “Internet of Things: Surveys for Measuring Human Activities from Everywhere”, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 2474~2482, October 2017.
[37] Tom Bice (2018) “Back to the Future: Why the Cloud Won’t Replace the Mainframe,” WIRED.com homepage. [Online]. Available:
https://www.wired.com/insights/2014/04/back-future-cloud-wont-replace-mainframe/
[38] (2018) DesignSpark website. “The Evolution of Data Center models” [Online]. Available:
https://www.rs-online.com/designspark/the-evolution-of-data-center-models
[39] Mike Troiano (2019) “The Evolution of Virtualization in the Data Center,” ACTIFIO Data Driven 2019 homepage. [Online]. Available:
https://www.actifio.com/company/blog/post/the-evolution-of-virtualization-in-the-data-center/#sthash.IPTICvZJ.vnMQclTL.dpbs
[40] (2019) Red Hat website. “Cloud Computing, What's the difference between cloud and virtualization?” [Online]. Available:
https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/cloud-computing/cloud-vs-virtualization#
[41] (2019) Citrix website. “What is hybrid cloud?” [Online]. Available:
https://www.citrix.com/glossary/what-is-hybrid-cloud.html
[42] (2019) Amazon Web Services, Inc. website. “AWS Compliance Programs,” [Online]. Available:
https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/programs/
[43] (2019) Amazon Web Services, Inc. website. “AWS Cloud Security,” [Online]. Available:
https://aws.amazon.com/security/
[44] (2019) Amazon Web Services, Inc. website. “AWS GovCloud (US) & Support FAQs,” [Online]. Available:
https://aws.amazon.com/govcloud-us/faqs/
[45] (2019) Cloud Technology Partners CTP (Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company) website. “Cloud Economics – Are You Getting the Bigger Picture?” [Online]. Available:
https://www.cloudtp.com/doppler/cloud-economics-getting-bigger-picture/
[46] (2019) Verity Solutions website. “Go cloud. You won't look back; Move faster, scale bigger, and reap the benefits of cloud computing” [Online]. Available:
http://goveritysolutions.com/benefits-of-cloud-computing/
[47] (2019) IBM Inc. website. “Cloud computing: A complete guide; Explore cloud computing and discover what it can bring to your enterprise” [Online]. Available:
https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/cloud-computing
[48] (2019) Insight global company website. “Develop the right cloud strategy,” Count on Cloud + Data Center Transformation's proven expertise. [Online]. Available:
https://go.datalink.com/Cloud-Strategy.html?matchtype=b&network=g&device=c&adposition=1o1&lp=adwordsppc&gclid=CjwKCAiAqaTjBRAdEiwAOdx9xp2KHpHEknF87CVpWlnU8oix0ULMCafsn16l7xGbIAjkpPOb8s3pbRoCHzAQAvD_BwE
[49] Michael Joseph Shundi, Grace Gregory Mihuba, Winnie Griffin Zakayo, Toshtemirov Adkhamjon, "Improvements in Spectrum Sharing Towards 5G Heterogeneous Networks" SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 6.3 (2019): 1-9.