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Volume 13 | Issue 8 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJECE-V13I8P103 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I8P103

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Anti-Poaching Surveillance Systems: A Review of Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions

Rohit Samkaria, Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Charvi Joshi, Rahul Mahala

Received Revised Accepted Published
07 May 2026 11 Jun 2026 15 Jul 2026 31 Aug 2026

Citation :

Rohit Samkaria, Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Charvi Joshi, Rahul Mahala, "Artificial Intelligence-Driven Anti-Poaching Surveillance Systems: A Review of Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions," International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 40-51, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I8P103

Abstract

The UN Environment Programme reports an average 69% decline in wildlife population since 1970, with around 4000 species illegally poached, trafficked, and traded globally. The World Wildlife Crime Report shows a significant population revival for certain species, but overall protection remains inadequate. The 5-step approach to understanding wildlife decline can improve methods. Emerging smart technologies, such as computer vision, IoT systems, and AI, can help manage wildlife populations and prevent poaching. Drones, bio-loggers, camera traps, and GPS collars provide real-time data for wildlife monitoring and tracking. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have also shown promise in wildlife welfare. This article aims to analyze the decline of wildlife populations, study smart technologies for anti-poaching efforts, and evaluate emerging technology-driven solutions to traditional wildlife welfare challenges. Human-induced factors like hunting, poaching, pollution, and habitat loss have compromised biodiversity. Poaching has led to population reduction and ecological imbalance. Traditional conservation practices have failed to revive wildlife populations. Integrating smart technologies, IoT, AI, and predictive analysis can help prevent poaching and promote ecological balance.

Keywords

Wildlife welfare, Internet of Things, Ecology, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Anti-Poaching, Innovation.

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