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Volume 13 | Issue 7 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJEEE-V13I7P107 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I7P107

Design Optimization and Operating Performance Comparative Evaluation of a Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant Spoke-Type Interior Permanent Magnet and Stator Permanent Magnet Flux-Switching Motors for Electric Vehicle Traction Application

Godwin Eshun, Stephen Eduku

Received Revised Accepted Published
04 Sep 2025 03 Jun 2026 23 Jun 2026 27 Jul 2026

Citation :

Godwin Eshun, Stephen Eduku, "Design Optimization and Operating Performance Comparative Evaluation of a Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant Spoke-Type Interior Permanent Magnet and Stator Permanent Magnet Flux-Switching Motors for Electric Vehicle Traction Application," International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 125-144, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I7P107

Abstract

The five-phase Stator Permanent Magnet Flux-Switching (Stator PMFS) motor and Five-Phase Spoke-Type Interior Permanent Magnet (Spoke-Type IPM) motor have been recently utilized extensively in Electric Vehicle (EV) traction applications due to their fault-tolerant nature in the event of a fault compared to their three-phase design counterparts. Nonetheless, these two motors, with the same design parameters and specifications, have not been designed, optimized, and compared simultaneously for EV traction applications, thereby creating a gap in the literature. Hence, this research work aimed at comparing the five-phase Stator PMFS motor and Spoke-Type IPM motor with the same design parameters and specifications via the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through the Ansys Maxwell electromagnetic software to unearth the preferred candidate for EV traction applications based on electromagnetic torque, operating efficiency, minimal torque ripple, and power and torque densities. Furthermore, the adopted multi-objective optimization is a synergy between the Surface Response Method (RSM) and Bare-Bones Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (BB_MOPSO). Moreover, the Spoke-Type IPM motor exhibits an 18.4% increase in electromagnetic torque with minimal torque ripple compared to the Stator PMFS motor. Also, the Spoke-Type IPM motor unveils an efficiency of 1.17% increase compared to the Stator PMFS motor. Meanwhile, the Spoke-Type IPM motor unveils a 17.5% increase in power density and an 18.42% increase in torque density compared to the Stator PMFS motor. Thus, the Spoke-Type IPM motor is a suitable or preferred design candidate for EV traction applications.

Keywords

EV Traction, Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant, FEA, Multi-Objective Optimization, Stator PMFS Motor, Spoke-Type IPM Motor.

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