A Novel Control for Partial Power Charging Circuit Topology with Fast EV Charging Application

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

© 2024 by SSRG - IJEEE Journal

Volume 11 Issue 6

Year of Publication : 2024

Authors : Challa Ramaiah, Edara Venkata Chandra Sekhara Rao, Satish Kumar Peddapelli

10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V11I6P126

How to Cite?

Challa Ramaiah, Edara Venkata Chandra Sekhara Rao, Satish Kumar Peddapelli, "A Novel Control for Partial Power Charging Circuit Topology with Fast EV Charging Application," SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 11,  no. 6, pp. 242-249, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V11I6P126

Abstract:

 Conventional circuits for EV battery charging have lower ratings, which can charge the batteries at lower currents. This causes a long wait time to charge heavy EV batteries becoming a greater drawback to the EV sector. Fast charging circuits need to be deployed to charge the EV batteries with higher charging current ratings. In this paper, a novel PPC circuit is introduced for fast charging of EV batteries using a high-frequency operated full bridge. The PPC circuit charged individual EV batteries with only processing of a fraction battery’s total power. The proposed circuit is controlled with CC/CV control as per the SOC of the battery, retaining the health of the battery. The CC/CV control of the PPC circuit is designed with duty ratio control of the high-frequency full bridge. The duty ratio of the switches in the full bridge is controlled by the conventional PI gain controller with error generated by comparison of reference and measured values. The conventional PI controller is further updated with the PR controller, and a comparative analysis is done with dynamic conditions. A test module is designed with a PPC circuit connected to SST to a high voltage distribution line, charging a heavy EV battery. The comparative analysis is carried out in a Simulink environment of MATLAB software with graphical plotting done with respect to time.

Keywords:

EV (Electric Vehicle), PPC (Partial Power Charging), CC (Constant Current), CV (Constant Voltage), SOC (State Of Charge), PI (Proportional Integral), PR (Proportional Resonant), SST (Solid State Transformer).

References:

[1] Vishnu Mahadeva Iyer et al., “An Approach towards Extreme Fast Charging Station Power Delivery for Electric Vehicles with Partial Power Processing,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 67, no. 10, pp. 8076-8087, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] IEA, Global EV Outlook 2023, IEA, Paris, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2023
[3] U.S. Department of Energy, “Evaluating Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts and Customer Charging Behaviors-Experiences from Six Smart Grid Investment Grant Projects,” Technical Report, Washington, USA, 2017.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Mohammed Abdullah Ravindran et al., “A Novel Technological Review on Fast Charging Infrastructure for Electrical Vehicles: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Research Directions,” Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 82, pp. 260-290, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Xiaoou Liu et al., “Dynamic Response Characteristics of Fast Charging Station-EVs on Interaction of Multiple Vehicles,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 42404-42421, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Júlio C.G. Justino, Thiago M. Parreiras, and Braz de J. Cardoso Filho, “Hundreds kW Charging Stations for e-Buses Operating under Regular Ultra-Fast Charging,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 1766-1774, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Jianwei Li et al., “Optimal Design of the EV Charging Station with Retired Battery Systems against Charging Demand Uncertainty,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 3262-3273, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] Nima Tashakor et al., “Start-up Circuit for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charger Using SSICL Technique and a Slow Estimator,” IET IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 2247-2255, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Yusuf Yasa, “A System Efficiency Improvement of DC Fast-Chargers in Electric Vehicle Applications: Bypassing Second-Stage FullBridge DC-DC Converter in High-Voltage Charging Levels,” Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1-10, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]  
[10] R. Venugopal et al., “Review on Unidirectional Non-Isolated High Gain DC-DC Converters for EV Sustainable DC Fast Charging Applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 78299-78338, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Jonatan Rafael Rakoski Zientarski et al., “Series-Connected Partial-Power Converters Applied to PV Systems: A Design Approach Based on Step-Up/Down Voltage Regulation Range,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 7622-7633, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Jon Anzola, Iosu Aizpuru, and Asier Arruti, “Partial Power Processing Based Converter for Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stations,” Electronics, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1-16, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] J. Rojas et al., “Partial Power DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stations,” IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Beijing, China, pp. 5274-5279, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] Daniel Pesantez et al., “Transformerless Partial Power Converter Topology for Electric Vehicle Fast Charge,” IET Power Electronics, pp. 1-13, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Felix Hoffmann et al., “A Multiport Partial Power Processing Converter with Energy Storage Integration for EV Stationary Charging,” IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 7950-7962, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Li Bao, Lingling Fan, and Zhixin Miao, “Real-Time Simulation of Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Systems,” 2018 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), Fargo, USA, pp. 1-6, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]  
[17] Wenhao Xiong et al., “A Hybrid Topology IPT System with Partial Power Processing for CC-CV Charging,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1701-1712, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Yafei Chen et al., “A Switching Hybrid LCC-S Compensation Topology for Constant Current/Voltage EV Wireless Charging,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 133924-133935, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Veli Yenil, and Sevilay Cetin, “Load Independent Constant Current and Constant Voltage Control of LCC-Series Compensated Wireless EV Charger,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 8701-8712, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Viswaprakash Babu et al., “Power Quality Enhancement Using Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)-Based Predictive Space Vector Transformation (PSVT) with Proportional Resonant (PR)-Controller,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 155380-155392, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Mohammad Parvez et al., “Comparative Study of Discrete PI and PR Controls for Single-Phase UPS Inverter,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 45584-45595, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] Santanu Kumar Dash, and Pravat Kumar Ray, “Power Quality Improvement Utilizing PV Fed Unified Power Quality Conditioner Based on UV-PI and PR-R Controller,” CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 243-253, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]