Intelligent Illuminated Parking System from Cybersecurity Perspectives - A Review
| International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering |
| © 2025 by SSRG - IJEEE Journal |
| Volume 12 Issue 1 |
| Year of Publication : 2025 |
| Authors : Ahmad Ajwad Ghazali, Lokman Mohd Fadzil |
10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V12I1P119
How to Cite?
Ahmad Ajwad Ghazali, Lokman Mohd Fadzil, "Intelligent Illuminated Parking System from Cybersecurity Perspectives - A Review," SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 192-202, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V12I1P119
Abstract:
With the growth of smart city infrastructure, there is a need for the development and implementation of intelligent Illuminated Parking Systems (IIPS). IIPS increase parking efficiency while lowering energy costs and enhancing user experience by utilizing innovative techniques, among them smart lighting, Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Nonetheless, these technologies propounds a number of cybersecurity risks that may compromise system confidentiality, availability, and integrity. This review paper promulgates a thorough cybersecurity analysis of IIPS, with emphasis on vulnerabilities, risks, and mitigation techniques. An overview of a typical IIPS architecture is presented, underlining vital elements such as data processing units, smart sensors, connected lights, and user interfaces. The article scrutinizes potential cybersecurity threats into three categories: data-centric attacks, network vulnerabilities, and physical dangers. Common attack vectors under review include malware infiltration, man-in-the-middle attacks, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), and data breaches. Proposed cybersecurity measures take into consideration anomaly detection systems, secure communication protocols, access control methods, and encryption approaches. The study advocates a multi-layered cybersecurity framework comprising robust encryption standards, AI-powered threat detection, frequent security audits, and user awareness initiatives. As smart cities build up, highly secure IIPS based on the proposed framework critical in public confidence preservation and urban infrastructure protection are recommended for future research directions.
Keywords:
Cybersecurity, Intelligent illuminated parking system, IoT, AI, Smart city, Threat mitigation, Vulnerabilities.
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