Geology and Aquifer Potential of Some Cretaceous Deposits Around Kwadon Village, Upper Benue through N-E Nigeria

International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science

© 2022 by SSRG - IJGGS Journal

Volume 9 Issue 1

Year of Publication : 2022

Authors : Fatima Saidu, Yusuf Abdulmumin, Ahmad Isah Haruna, Ahmadu Tukur, Abdulmajid Isa Jibrin

10.14445/23939206/IJGGS-V9I1P101

How to Cite?

Fatima Saidu, Yusuf Abdulmumin, Ahmad Isah Haruna, Ahmadu Tukur, Abdulmajid Isa Jibrin, "Geology and Aquifer Potential of Some Cretaceous Deposits Around Kwadon Village, Upper Benue through N-E Nigeria," SSRG International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science, vol. 9,  no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23939206/IJGGS-V9I1P101

Abstract:

In the last few decades, there have been increased demands for water and the largest available source of freshwater lies underground. In the area studied, the main source of water supply is the Dadin Kowa Dam. Complementing this, people resort to the use of hand-dug wells, which are shallow and exposed to various forms of contaminations causing typhoid fever, cholera, and other water-related diseases. Thus, the use of vertical electrical sounding (VES) becomes imperative in locating viable aquifers in the area. In the course of this study, rock samples from the field were collected from the field were thin-sectioned, and the result of the study showed that quartz dominated the samples that were examined, with Gombe Sandstone having the highest percentage (90%) of quartz. The raw data obtained from the field using vertical electrical sounding (VES) was interpreted using the WinResist software. The interpreted results from the VES showed that most of the layers have low - moderate resistivity values, with sandstone localities having the least resistivities. All the information obtained points to the fact that Gombe Sandstone is the most porous and permeable (aquiferous) in the area.

Keywords:

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), Aquifer, Quartz, Gombe Sandstone, Resistivity.

References:

[1] Abubakar, M. B., Biostratigraphy, palaeoenvironment and organic geochemistry of the Cretaceous sequences of the Gongola Basin, Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria. Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, (2006)139-140.
[2] Allix, P. E., Grosdidier, E., Jardine, S., Legeox, O., Poppof, M., Decouverte d Aptien superiur a Albien inferieur date par microfossils dans la serie detritique (Nigeria). C. R. Acad. Sci., 292 (1981) 1291 – 1294.
[3] Allix, P. Environments mesozoiques de la parte nord-orientale du fosse de la benus (Nigeria), stratigraphie, sedimentologie, evolution geodynamique. Travaux du laboratoire des des sciences de la Terre st-Jerome Marseille B, 21 (1983) 200.
[4] Benkhelil, J. Guirad, M. Posard, J. F. and Saugy, L. The Bornu-Benue Trough, the Niger Delta and its Offshore: Tectono- Sedimentary Reconstruction during the Cretaceous and Tertiary from Geophysical Data and Geology. In: C. A. Kogbe, Ed., 2nd Edition, Geology of Nigeria, Rock View Nigeria Limited., Jos, (1988) 2787-309.
[5] Benkhelil, J. The origin and evaluation of the cretaceous Benue Trough (Nigeria). Journal African Earth Sciences, 8, (1989) 251-282.
[6] Carter, J. O., Barber, W., Tart, E. A., and Jones, G. P., The Geology of Parts of Adamawa, Bauchi and Bornu Provinces in Northeastern Nigeria. Geol. Surv. Nig. Bull. 30 (1963) 35-53.
[7] Dan Hassan M. A. and Adekile., Geophysical Exploration for Groundwater in Crystalline Basement Terrain in the North Central part of Kaduna State, Nigeria, Journal of Minning and Geology 35(2) (1991) 71-75.
[8] Dike, E.F.C., Stratigraphy and Structure of the Kerri-Kerri Basin, Northeastern Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, 29(2) (1995) 77-92.
[9] Dott, R.H., Wacke, Greywacke and Matrix-What Approach to Immature Sandstone Classification? Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 34 (1964) 625-623.
[10] Falconer J. D. and Longe B., The Geology and Geography of N. Nig. Macmillian, London. (1911) 360.
[11] Guiraud, M. Mecanisme de formation du basin sur decrochements multiples de la Haute – Benoue (Nigeria): faciies et geometric des corps, sedimentaires, microtechttonique et deformations synsedimentaries. Memoir d’ Habilitation, Universile de Montpelier, France (1990) 445.
[12] Guiraud, M. Mecanisme de formation du basin cretace sur decrochements multiples de la Haute – Benoue (Nigeria): Bulletin des centres de Recherches Exploration-production Elf-Aquitaine 15 (1991) 11-67.
[13] Lawal, O. Biostratigraphie, Palynologie et paleoenvironnements des formations cretacees de la Haute-Benoue, Nigeria nord-orientale. These 3 circle, Universite de Nice France. (1982) 198.
[14] Lawal O. and Maullade, M. Palynological biostratigraphy of Cretaceous sediments in the Upper Benue Basin, N.E Nigeria. Revue de Micropaleontologie 29 (1986) 61-833.
[15] Nwajide, C. S. Geology of Nigeria’s Sedimentary Basins. CSS Bookshops Ltd, Lagos, Nigeria, (2013) 565.
[16] Obaje, N. G., Geology and Mineral Resources of Nigeria. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, Berlin Springer Verlag. (2009) 120.
[17] Offodile, M. E. The geology of the Middle Benue, Nigeria. Palaeontological Institute, University Uppsala, Special Publication 4 (1976) 1-166.
[18] Oyewumi, A. S., James, G. K., Jega, I. M., Olojo, O.O., Shar, J.T., Onouha, H., Mahmood, M.M. Assessing Groundwater quality in Katsina State, Nigeria. SSRG International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science 6(2) ( 2019) 45-57.
[19] Ramaraju, A. V., Krishna V. K. Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment by Drastic method using GIS. SSRG International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science 4(2) (2017) 1-8.
[20] Reyment, R. A. Biostratigraphy of the Saharan Cretaceous and Paleocene epicontinental transgressions. Cretaceous Research 1 (1980) 299-327
[21] Thompson, J. H. The Geology and Hydrology of Gombe, Bauchi Province, Geological Survey of Nigeria Records 1956 (1958) 46-65.
[22] Todd, D. K., Groundwater Hydrology, second edition, Wiley, New York. (1980).
[23] Tukur, A., Samaila, N.K., Grimes, S.T., Kariya, I.I., Chanda, M.S. Two member subdivision of the Bima Sandstone, Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria: Based on sedimentological data. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 104 (2015) 140-158.
[24] Zaborski, P. M. Guide to the Cretaceous System in the Upper Part of the Upper Benue Trough, North-eastern Nigeria. African Geosciences Review 10 (1&2) (1997) 1322.
[25] Zaborki, P. M., Ugodulunwa, F., Idornigie, A., Nnabo, P. &Ibe, K., Stratigraphy and Structure of the Cretaceous Gongola Basin, Northeast Nigeria. Bulletin des center de Reserches Exploration-Production Elf-Aquitane, 21 (1998) 153-186.