Variable Compression Ratio Diesel Engine Analysis by Ester of Karanja Oil Produced Using Heterogeneous Catalyst

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering
© 2024 by SSRG - IJME Journal
Volume 11 Issue 7
Year of Publication : 2024
Authors : Rupesh L. Patel, J.J. Goswami
pdf
How to Cite?

Rupesh L. Patel, J.J. Goswami, "Variable Compression Ratio Diesel Engine Analysis by Ester of Karanja Oil Produced Using Heterogeneous Catalyst," SSRG International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 11,  no. 7, pp. 79-86, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488360/IJME-V11I7P107

Abstract:

The ester of karanja oil was prepared using a solid catalyst. Calcium oxide (CaO) was prepared by calcium carbonate (CaCO3). CaO was used to create lithium-impregnated calcium oxide or Li-CaO. KO was converted to biodiesel by the catalyst Li-CaO. The yield attained, at 60 °C and a 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil in 3 hours, was 95% by 4 % weight of Li-CaO. By combining 10, 20, 30, 50%, and 100% of KOME with diesel with a Compression Ratio (CR) of 17.5 and 15.4, an analysis of the diesel engine was conducted. At more CR, the engine performs better. Smoke and CO emissions decreased as CR increased. At 100% load, the blended fuel with the greatest BTE was 30.31% for BD10.

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Karanja oil, Li-CaO, Karanja Oil Methyl Ester.

References:

[1] Oana Zbarcea, Dan Scarpete, and Vlad Vrabie, “Environmental Pollutions by Diesel Engine. Part II: A Literature Review Regarding HC, CO, CO2 and Soot Emissions,” Termotechnica, pp. 65–69, 2016.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] S.N. Bobade, and V.B. Khyade, “Detail Study on the Properties of Pongamia Pinnata (Karanja) for the Production of Biofuel,” Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, vol. 2, no. 7, no. 16–20, 2012.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] N. Prakash et al., “Optimization of Karanja Oil Transesterification,” Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, vol. 13, pp. 505–509, 2006.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] M.S. Khayoon, M.A. Olutoye, and B.H. Hameed, “Utilization of Crude Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) Oil as a Potential Feedstock for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters,” Bioresoure Technology, vol. 111, pp. 175–179, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] M.E. Borges, and L. Díaz, “Recent Developments on Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production by Oil Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: A Review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 2839–2849, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] Bhupendra Singh Chauhan et al., “A Study of Performance and Emission of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Karanja Biodiesel and Its Blends,” Energy, vol. 56, pp. 1–7, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] Chandan Kumar, M.K. Gajendra Babu, and L.M. Das, “Experimental Investigations on a Karanja Oil Methyl Ester Fueled DI Diesel Engine,” Society of Automotive Engineers, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] G.S. Jatadhara et al., “Effect of Diesel Engine Modification Operated with Karanja Biodiesel and its Blends,” Materialtoday Proceeding, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 409-414, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] M.S. Khayoon, M.A. Olutoye, and B.H. Hameed, “Utilization of Crude Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oil as a Potential Feedstock for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 111, pp. 175-179, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Eslam A. Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Betiha, and Nabel A. Negm, “Insight into the Recent Advances in Sustainable Biodiesel Production by Catalytic Conversion of Vegetable Oils: Current Trends, Challenges, and Prospects,” Energy Fuels, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 2631–2647, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Joshua Iseoluwa Orege et al., “Recent Advances in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Green Biodiesel Production by Transesterification,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 258, 2022.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] H. Raheman, and A.G. Phadatare, “Diesel Engine Emissions and Performance from Blends of Karanja Methyl Ester and Diesel,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 393–397, 2004.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Sanghoon Lee et al., “Spray Characteristics, Engine Performance and Emissions Analysis for Karanja Biodiesel and Its Blends,” Energy, vol. 119, pp. 138–151, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] N. Panneerselvam et al., “Computational Engine Performance and Emission Analysis Using Ceiba Pentandra Biodiesel,” Biofuels, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 201-206, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] W.G. Wang, “Emissions from Nine Heavy Trucks Fuelled by Diesel and Biodiesel Blend without Engine Modification,” Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 933–939, 2000.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] L.G. Schumacher et al., “Heavy-Duty Engine Exhaust Emission Tests Using Methyl Ester Soybean Oil/Diesel Fuel Blends,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 31–36, 1996.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] P.K. Srivastava, and Madhumita Verma, “Methyl Ester of Karanja Oil as an Alternative Renewable Source Energy,” Fuel, vol. 87, no. 8–9, pp. 1673-1677, 2008.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Jinlin Xue, Tony E. Grift, and Alan C. Hansen, “Effect of Biodiesel on Engine Performances and Emissions,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy a Review, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 1098–1116, 2011.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Kahkashan Khan et al., “Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Using Complementary Blending of Castor and Karanja Biodiesel,” Biofuels, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 53-60, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Hasan Serin, and Neslihan Yucel Akar, “The Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Tea Seed (Camellia Sinensis) Oil Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel Blends,” International Journal of Green Energy, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 292–301, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Atul Dhar, Roblet Kevin, and Avinash Kumar Agarwal, “Production of Biodiesel from High-FFA Neem Oil and Its Performance, Emission and Combustion Characterization in a Single Cylinder DICI Engine,” Fuel Process Technology, vol. 97, pp. 118-129, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] Rasim Behçet, “Performance and Emission Study of Waste Anchovy Fish Biodiesel in a Diesel Engine,” Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 1187-1194, 2011.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] H.G. How et al., “An Investigation of the Engine Performance, Emissions and Combustion Characteristics of Coconut Biodiesel in a High-Pressure Common-Rail Diesel Engine,” Energy, vol. 69, pp. 749–759, 2014.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]