Investigation of the Performance and Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Fueled with Mahua Pyro Oil Mixtures Using ETBE as an Oxygenated Additive
| International Journal of Mechanical Engineering |
| © 2025 by SSRG - IJME Journal |
| Volume 12 Issue 2 |
| Year of Publication : 2025 |
| Authors : C. Thiagarajan, M. Prabhahar, J. Senthil, S. Prakash, S. Nallusamy |
10.14445/23488360/IJME-V12I2P105
How to Cite?
C. Thiagarajan, M. Prabhahar, J. Senthil, S. Prakash, S. Nallusamy, "Investigation of the Performance and Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Fueled with Mahua Pyro Oil Mixtures Using ETBE as an Oxygenated Additive," SSRG International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 48-57, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488360/IJME-V12I2P105
Abstract:
To lower engine tailpipe emissions, diesel fuel can be oxygenated. This study examines how adding ETBE to Mahua Pyro Oil (MPO25) mixes changes diesel oil's physicochemical properties. ETBE was added in the volumetric ratios of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and the fuel mixtures are designated as MPO25ET10, MPO25ET15, and MPO25ET20, respectively. Adding ETBE to the mixtures affects density, increases the cetane number, and decreases viscosity. The assessment was made on a single-cylinder compression-ignition engine, emission levels of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Hydrocarbons (HC) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). Also, performance indicators on brake-specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency were measured. Regarding MPO25 mixtures, results demonstrated that the BTE of an MPO25/diesel blend with 15% ETBE was similar; however, BSFC was somewhat higher. As the NO x releases raised at peak power, HC, smoke exhaust and CO were diminished. Employing just 20% ETBE significantly reduces smoke opacity emissions by 48%, with a 16% increase in NOx emissions.
Keywords:
Mahua Pyro Oil, Ethyl Tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE), Oxygenated additive, Performance.
References:
[1] Pankaj Shrivastava et al., “Experimental and Empirical Analysis of an IC Engine Operating with Ternary Blends of Diesel, Karanja and Roselle Biodiesel,” Fuel, vol. 262, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] A. Saravanan et al., “Performance and Emission Characteristics of Variable Compression Ratio CI Engine Fueled with Dual Biodiesel Blends of Rapeseed and Mahua,” Fuel, vol. 263, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Fevzi Yasar, “Comparision of Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Fuels Produced from Different Oils to Determine the Most Suitable Feedstock Type,” Fuel, vol. 264, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Prem Kumar Chaurasiya et al., “Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Fuel Blended with Raw Jatropha, Soybean and Waste Cooking Oils,” Heliyon, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1-7, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Srinivasan Senthil Kumar, Krishnan Purushothaman, and Kuppusamy Rajan, “Performance Analysis of Compression Ignition Engine Using Rubber Seed Oil Methyl Ester Blend with the Effect of Various Injection Pressures,” Thermal Science, vol. 20, no. S4, pp. 1083-1090, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] AR. Manickam et al., “Experimental Analysis of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Biodiesel Blend using Di-ethyl Ether as Fuel Additives,” International Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 2412-2420, 2014.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[7] M. Saravana Kumar et al., “Combustion, Performance and Emission Analysis of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Methyl Esters of Jatropha and Fish Oil with Exhaust Gas Recirculation,” Energy Procedia, vol. 160, pp. 404-411, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[8] Mandeep Singh, and Sarbjot Singh Sandhu, “Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Multi-Cylinder CRDI Engine Fueled with Argemone Biodiesel/Diesel Blends,” Fuel, vol. 265, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] Ganesh S. Warkhade, and A. Veeresh Babu, “Combustion Characteristics of Linseed (Linum Usitatissimum) Methyl Ester Fuelled Biodiesel Blends in Variable Compression Ratio Diesel Engine,” Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 38-51, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Medhat Elkelawy et al., “Maximization of Biodiesel Production from Sunflower and Soybean Oils and Prediction of Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics through Response Surface Methodology,” Fuel, vol. 266, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Ahmet Necati Ozsezen et al., “Performance and Combustion Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine Fueled with Waste Palm Oil and Canola Oil Methyl Esters,” Fuel, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 629-636, 2009.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Gopinath Dhamodaran et al., “A Comparative Study of Combustion, Emission, and Performance Characteristics of Rice-Bran-, Neem-, and Cottonseed-Oil Biodiesels with Varying Degree of Unsaturation,” Fuel, vol. 187, pp. 296-305, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Bhupendra Singh Chauhan, Naveen Kumar, and Haeng Muk Cho, “A Study on the Performance and Emission of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Jatropha Biodiesel Oil and Its Blends,” Energy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 616-622, 2012.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] R. Vallinayagam et al., “Combustion Performance and Emission Characteristics Study of Pine Oil in a Diesel Engine,” Energy, vol. 57, pp. 344-351, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Takaaki Kitamura et al., “Extraction of the Suppression Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on Soot Formation using a Detailed Chemical Kinetic Model,” JSAE Review, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 139-145, 2001.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Lu Xingcai et al., “The Influence of Ethanol Additives on the Performance and Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Engines,” Combustion Science and Technology, vol. 176, no. 8, pp. 1309-1329, 2004.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Metin Guru et al., “Improvement of Diesel Fuel Properties by using Additives,” Energy Conversion Management, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 1021-1025, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Gerhard Knothe, Andrew C. Matheaus, and Thomas, “Cetane Numbers of Branched and Straight-Chain Fatty Esters Determined in an Ignition Quality Tester,” Fuel, vol. 82, no. 8, pp. 971-975, 2003.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Nicos Ladommatos, Mohammad Parsi, and Angela Knowles, “The Effect of Fuel Cetane Improver on Diesel Pollutant Emissions,” Fuel, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. 8-14, 1996.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Atilla Bilgin, Orhan Durgun, and Zehra Sahin, “The Effects of Diesel-Ethanol Blends on Diesel Engine Performance,” Energy Sources, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 431-440, 2002.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] P. Satge de Caro et al., “Interest of Combining an Additive with Diesel–Ethanol Blends for Use in Diesel Engines,” Fuel, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 565-574, 2001.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] M. Abu-Qudais, O. Haddad, and M. Qudaisat, “The Effect of Alcohol Fumigation on Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 389-399, 2000.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] E.A. Ajav, Bachchan Singh, and T.K. Bhattacharya, “Experimental Study of Some Performance Parameters of a Constant Speed Stationary Diesel Engine using Ethanol–Diesel Blends as Fuel,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 357-365, 1999.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Zuohua Huang et al., “Performance and Emissions of a Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Diesel/Oxygenate Blends for Various Fuel Delivery Advance Angles,” Energy & Fuels, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 403-410, 2005.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[25] Eliana Weber de Menezes et al., “Effect of Ethers and Ether/Ethanol Additives on the Physicochemical Properties of Diesel Fuel and on Engine Tests,” Fuel, vol. 85, no. 5-6, pp. 815-822, 2006.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[26] Tie Li, Masaru Suzuki, and Hideyuki Ogawa, “Effects of Ethyl Tert-Butyl Ether Addition to Diesel Fuel on Characteristics of Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Diesel Engines,” Fuel, vol. 88, no. 10, pp. 2017-2024, 2009.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[27] Krzysztof Gorski et al., “Effects of Ethyl-Tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE) Addition on the Physicochemical Properties of Diesel Oil and Particulate Matter and Smoke Emissions from Diesel Engines,” Fuel, vol. 103, pp. 1138-1143, 2013.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]