Study Effect of Electromagnetic Wave Exposure of Radio Frequency in Blood Cells for Interleukin-2 (Il-2) Production Peripheral Culture Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC)
International Journal of Medical Science |
© 2019 by SSRG - IJMS Journal |
Volume 6 Issue 1 |
Year of Publication : 2019 |
Authors : Resvina, Maimun Z. Arthamin, Chomsin S. Widodo, Agus Naba |
How to Cite?
Resvina, Maimun Z. Arthamin, Chomsin S. Widodo, Agus Naba, "Study Effect of Electromagnetic Wave Exposure of Radio Frequency in Blood Cells for Interleukin-2 (Il-2) Production Peripheral Culture Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC)," SSRG International Journal of Medical Science, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 15-18, 2019. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V6I1P103
Abstract:
The increase in mobile phone users make more people are exposed to radiation of electromagnetic waves of radio frequency (RF).The mobile phone is an electronic device that emits electromagnetic waves in general with the RF 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. The effects of excessive mobile phone use can disrupt the balance of cells in the body. Blood cells are an essential component in the body. Lymphocytes play a role in the body's immune system; one of the lymphocyte cells is T cells thatproduce cytokines from interleukin-2 (IL-2) which function as regulators of activation, growth,and differentiation of lymphocyte cells and immune mediators in the inflammatory process. This research aims to determine the effect of exposure to RF electromagnetic waves against the production of IL-2 by using a type of RF transmitter VSG25A. The measurement of IL-2 production was carried out with two RF 900 MHz and 1800 MHz with distances from 0 cm to 25 cm and 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes for each sample. The results showed that exposure to 900 MHz and 1800 MHzRF electromagnetic waves affected the value of IL-2 production. The production of IL-2 due to exposure to RF electromagnetic waves over a 60-minute exposure time with a 2nd order polynomial curve shows a correlation between the times to IL-2 production. For the relationship of distance to IL-2 production it cannot yet be concluded.
Keywords:
Electromagnetic Waves, Radio Frequency, VSG25A, Interleukin-2 Production.
References:
[1] D. Panagopoulos, Menganalisis dampak Kesehatan Modern Gelombang Mikro Telekomunikasi. Berhardt L. Mahir dalam Kedokteran dan Biologi, Amerika Serikat: Penerbit Ilmu Nova, 2011.
[2] Anies, “Pengendalian Dampak Kesehatan Akibat Radiasi Medan Elektromagnetik”,Media Medika Indonesia, Vol. 38 No. 4, pp. 213-219, 2003.
[3] P. Kumari, S. D. Manjula, K. Gautham, and J. August, “In Vitro Study Of Effect Of Radiation Emitted By Mobile Phone On Osmotic Fragility And Other Blood Parameters.,” Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1283–1292, 2016.
[4] S. F. El-abd, “Cytogenetic alterations in human lymphocyte culture following exposure to radiofrequency field of mobile phone,” J. Appl. Pharm. Sci., vol. 02, no. 02, pp. 16–20, 2012.
[5] Shlomchik MJ, Ch, 23:Tolerance and Autoimmunity, In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, Heslop HE, Weitz Jl, Anastasi JM (editors), Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice, Sixth edition, Canada: Saunders Elsevier, 2013.
[6] Dy, M., Vasquez, A., Bertolglio, J., Theze J,General aspect of cytokine properties and functions, In Theze J editor, The citokine network and immune functions,New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
[7] Abbas, A.K., Lichtman, A.H, Effector mechanisms of immune responses, In: Cellular and molecular immunology, 5th ed (updated), Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2005.
[8] X. Geng, R. Zhang, G. Yang, W. Jiang, and C. Xu, “Interleukin-2 and autoimmune disease occurrence and therapy,” Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci., vol. 16, pp. 1462–1467, 2012.
[9] K. Suega, “Pengaruh Peningkatan Cadangan Besi terhadap Interleukin-2 (IL-2) dan Interferon Gamma (IFN γ) Plasma dan Supernatan Kultur Limfosit pada Penderita Anemia Defisiensi Besi: Kaitannya dengan Infeksi,” Disertasi, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, 2009.
[10] Jacques, Y., Minty, A., Fradelizi, D., Theze, Interleukin 2,4,7,9,13,15. In Theze J editor. The citokine network and immune functions, New York: Oford University Press. p 17-30, 1999.
[11] Kaiser, G.E, III. The adaptive immune system, A.Ways that cell-mediated immunity helps to depend the body. 3. Stimulating cells to secrete cytokines (CME), 2003.