Clinical profile, systemic associations and outcomes of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension [IIH] in a tertiary referral center in Southern India

International Journal of Medical Science

© 2020 by SSRG - IJMS Journal

Volume 7 Issue 6

Year of Publication : 2020

Authors : Dr. Donna Mathew, Dr. Atif Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh, Dr. Ajith Sivadasan, Dr A. T. Prabhakar

10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V7I6P101

How to Cite?

Dr. Donna Mathew, Dr. Atif Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh, Dr. Ajith Sivadasan, Dr A. T. Prabhakar, "Clinical profile, systemic associations and outcomes of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension [IIH] in a tertiary referral center in Southern India," SSRG International Journal of Medical Science, vol. 7,  no. 6, pp. 1-5, 2020. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V7I6P101

Abstract:

Background and objectives: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension [IIH] is characterized by features of raised intracranial pressure in absence of any other intracranial pathology. This study aims to describe the clinical profile of patients including imaging findings and intracranial and systemic associations Methods:This is a retrospective case series from a tertiary care centre in Southern India, diagnosed to have idiopathic intracranial hypertension from Jan 2012 to Dec 2015 and had required admission for the same. Patients fulfilling modified Dandy-Walker criteria for IIH were included. Inpatient and outpatient records for the patients were used to obtain information regarding clinical features, treatments and review visits. Imaging was reviewed on a PACS system. Results- Total of 52 patients were reported. Headache and visual impairment were the most common complaints. Very high incidence of visual impairment was seen [63%], with blinding vision in 13.46%.Systemic illnesses were reported which may are seen with IIH, specially endocrinopathies in the form of hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian disease, hypocortisolism and obesity. A high percentage of patients with bilateral transverse sinus/transverse-sigmoid junction stenosis [61.53%] was noted. Medical therapy was with acetazolamide most commonly followed by torsemide. Surgical therapy was with optic nerve sheath fenestration [9.6%], theco-peritoneal shunt [13.46%] and sinus stenting [3.84%]. Worsening of disease was seen in two patients who had normal visual acuity and two patients with affected vision. No patients progressed to blinding vision. Recurrence was seen in 4.3% of patients and they improved after restarting therapy.
Conclusion- This study describes clinical features of patients with IIH. Aggressive management for the same is suggested in view of possibility of morbidity with delay in treatment

Keywords:

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension, systemic associations, clinical profile, South India

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