The Impact of Low Albumin Levels on the Severity of Acute Pulmonary Embolism and its Prognostic Significance

International Journal of Medical Science

© 2023 by SSRG - IJMS Journal

Volume 10 Issue 6

Year of Publication : 2023

Authors : Mais Zamlout, Mohammad Alkhayer, Ibrahim Sulaiman

10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V10I6P106

How to Cite?

Mais Zamlout, Mohammad Alkhayer, Ibrahim Sulaiman, "The Impact of Low Albumin Levels on the Severity of Acute Pulmonary Embolism and its Prognostic Significance," SSRG International Journal of Medical Science, vol. 10,  no. 6, pp. 36-42, 2023. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V10I6P106

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the impact of low albumin levels on the severity of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and its prognostic significance. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 65 patients admitted to the department of respiratory medicine and ICU at Tishreen University Hospital between 2021-2023. Data on age, gender, albumin levels, platelet count, WBC count, D-dimer, hemoglobin, creatinine clearance, right ventricular dilation, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation ratio were collected at the presentation. Patients were followed up for 90 days. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used for comparison analysis, linear regression was used for exploring relationships, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis. Results: Patients with low albumin levels exhibited lower mean values of SPO2, blood pressure, heart rate, and hemoglobin, as well as higher SPESI scores and platelet counts and higher mortality percentages. Regression analysis showed that low albumin levels were a significant predictor of PE severity. Age, mean blood pressure and WBC count also significantly impacted SPESI scores. Survival analysis indicated that the majority of patients deteriorated between 17-20 days from diagnosis, with the low albumin levels group showing higher mortality rates. Conclusion: Low albumin levels are associated with increased severity and mortality in acute PE. Other factors such as age, blood pressure, and WBC count also play a significant role in predicting PE severity. Early identification and management of low albumin levels may improve outcomes in patients with acute PE.

Keywords:

Albumin, Pulmonary embolism, SPESI, Venous thrombosis.

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