CD4 T Cell Count and Opportunistic Infections in HIV-AIDS Patients

International Journal of Medical Science

© 2017 by SSRG - IJMS Journal

Volume 4 Issue 2

Year of Publication : 2017

Authors : Subhash Chand

10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V4I2P101

How to Cite?

Subhash Chand, "CD4 T Cell Count and Opportunistic Infections in HIV-AIDS Patients," SSRG International Journal of Medical Science, vol. 4,  no. 2, pp. 1-4, 2017. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23939117/IJMS-V4I2P101

Abstract:

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus pandemic is among the greatest health problem ever faced by humanity. AIDS is characterized by a number of opportunistic infections which are responsible for mortality and morbidity. The spectrum of opportunistic infections is everexpanding. As the disease progresses there is deterioration of immune system of the patient which causes decline in CD4 T cell count. Aim: The aim of the present study was to document the correlation of opportunistic infections and CD4 T cell count in HIV infected patients. Material and Methods: 40 symptomatic HIV infected patients admitted in various departments at IGMC Shimla were included in the study to find the correlation between CD4 cell count and opportunistic infections. Result: It was observed that maximum no. of patients were in the age group of 31-40 years (47.5%) It was found that there were 75% males and 25% were females. Male to female ratio was 3:1. Mean age of the study group was 33.47 (SD 9.577) years. The most common mode of transmission was heterosexual transmission (95%) The commonest opportunistic infection was tuberculosis (50%) followed by oral candidiasis, herpes zoster, oral hairy leukoplekia, cryptosporodium, toxoplasmosis, 30%, 5% ,2.5% ,2.5% and 2.5% respectively. CD4 T cell count of all the patients was done and there was significant decrease in CD4 T cell count in patients with opportunistic infections. CD4 T cell count was between 50-500/cmm.. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that tuberculosis, oral candidiasis were the most common opportunistic infection in HIV patients. As CD4 T cell count decreases chances of getting opportunistic infection increases. Appearance of opportunistic infections can be used a predictive tool for CD4 T cell count and to start antiretroviral therapy/prophylaxis for opportunistic infections.

Keywords:

opportunistic infections, male, female tuberculosis, CD4 T cell.

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